作者：Laurie Barclay, MD
出處：WebMD醫學新聞
January 29, 2009 — 根據二月份美國臨床營養期刊中的一篇前溯研究的結果，攝取大豆製品與降低停經後婦女的大腸直腸癌風險有關。
田納西大學Vanderbilt醫學院的Gong Yang等人寫道，大豆與其一些成分，如異黃酮(isoflavones)，在一些實驗中已經顯示有抑制癌症的活性；對於經常攝取大豆製品和大腸直腸癌間關聯的流行病學研究資料有限且不一致。
這項研究的目標在評估攝取大豆製品是否與大腸直腸癌風險有關，研究對象包括68,412名年紀在40至70歲婦女，納入時無癌症或者糖尿病；以親自訪談進行飲食頻率問卷，評估開始時(1997至2000年)與第一次追蹤期間(2000至2002年)的大豆製品攝取量。為了使與臨床前疾病相關的生活型態變化最小，第一年的觀察不納入。
在平均6.4年的追蹤期間，共有321件大腸直腸癌病例，校正潛在共變項之後，整體大豆製品攝取量與大腸直腸癌風險呈反比；每天攝取的大豆淨重每增加5g(相當於每天1 oz [28.35 g]豆腐)，風險即減少8% (95%信心區間(confidence interval [CI]), 3% - 14%)。
相較於大豆攝取最少的三分之一婦女，攝取最高的前三分之一婦女的多變項相對風險(RR)為0.67 (95% CI, 0.49 - 0.90; 趨勢P值為 .008)；這是首次在停經後婦女確認此一反比關係；攝取大豆蛋白與異黃酮有類似發現。
研究限制包括評估大豆攝取時可能有誤差。
研究作者寫道，此一前溯研究認為，攝取大豆製品或許可以降低停經後婦女的大腸直腸癌風險；事實上，大腸直腸癌是全球最常見的癌症之一，而大豆可以廣泛運用於大多數飲食中，我們的發現對於預防這個常見的惡性疾病有重要的公衛影響。
美國的公共衛生服務部與國家健康研究中心內部計畫支持本研究，研究作者宣稱沒有相關財務關係。
Soy Intake Linked to Lower Risk for Colorectal Cancer in Postmenopausal Women
By Laurie Barclay, MD
Medscape Medical News
January 29, 2009 — Consumption of soy foods is associated with a lower risk for colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women, according to the results of a prospective study reported in the February issue of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
"Soy and some of its constituents, such as isoflavones, have been shown to have cancer-inhibitory activities in experimental studies," write Gong Yang, from Vanderbilt University School of Medicine in Nashville, Tennessee, and colleagues. "Data from epidemiologic studies linking usual soy food intake with colorectal cancer are limited and inconsistent."
The goal of this study was to evaluate whether intake of soy food is associated with a risk for colorectal cancer. The study cohort consisted of 68,412 women aged 40 to 70 years and without cancer or diabetes at enrollment. In-person interviews using a validated food-frequency questionnaire evaluated usual soy food intake at baseline (1997-2000) and during the first follow-up (2000-2002). To minimize lifestyle changes related to preclinical disease, the first year of observation was excluded.
There were 321 incident cases of colorectal cancer identified during a mean follow-up of 6.4?years. Total soy food intake was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk, after adjusting for potentially confounding variables. For each 5-g/day increment in dietary intake of soy as measured by dry weight (equivalent to approximately 1 oz [28.35 g] tofu/day), there was an 8% reduction in risk (95% confidence interval [CI), 3% - 14%).
Compared with women in the lowest tertile of soy intake, those in the highest tertile had a multivariate relative risk (RR) of 0.67 (95% CI, 0.49 - 0.90; P for trend = .008). This inverse association was primarily confined to postmenopausal women. Findings were similar for soy protein and isoflavone intakes.
Limitations of this study include possible measurement error in assessing soy food intake.
"This prospective study suggests that consumption of soy foods may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer in postmenopausal women," the study authors write. "Given the fact that colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and that soy can be readily incorporated into most diets, our findings have important public health implications in the prevention of this common malignancy."
The US Public Health Service and the National Institutes of Health intramural program supported this study. The study authors have disclosed no relevant financial disclosures.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;89:577-583.
[ 本帖最後由 goodcat1111 於 2009-2-17 23:50 編輯 ] |
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